TEHRAN(Bazaar) – Robert Y. Shapiro, professor of Columbia University says, the change in the pattern of global power distribution and its gradual shift towards the East is a matter that is gradually becoming apparent and there is no escaping it.
Following is the text of the interview:
Q: Some believe that the power shift in the world order has occurred from the West to the East and this situation has been stabilized. On the other hand, some believe that this new order is still in transition and has not been established. What is your assessment?
A: So far, there have been important issues and problems in the international relation that the United States was not able to solve alone and needed the cooperation of other countries. US and its allies must accept that their power is declining and China, India and other emerging countries are challenging their desired order in the international system. The change in the pattern of global power distribution and its gradual shift towards the East is a matter that is gradually becoming apparent and there is no escaping it.
Q: In your opinion, the new world order will have a polar aspect. In other words, will we witness intense and conflictual polarizations in this order?
A: Considering the Interdependence of countries, both economically and technologically, in the new world order, the intensity of conflicts between the poles will decrease in the future. But this does not mean the absence of conflict and war in the international system.
Q: What will be the effect of this new order on the regions? Will regional actors be able to maneuver more in this type of order?
A: In the hegemonic order led by the United States, regional countries and regions had less bargaining power, coalition and maneuver. In the new order, we will see an increase in the role of important regional players in managing regional issues and resolving conflicts.
Q: It seems that the center of attention in the new world order will be the Indo-Pacific region. Do you agree with this assessment?
A: The Indo-Pacific region is one of the most economically dynamic regions in the world today. The emergence of China as US's most important economic and technological competitor during the last decade has increased its importance. On the other hand, India is present in this region as one of the strongest economies in the world. Desire of US to limit China's power and India's desire for greater economic and commercial cooperation with US have increased the importance of this area.
Q: How will the competition between America and China be in the new world order? Competitive or hostile?
A: The United States continues to view China as a serious competitor that wants to challenge its power around the world, including in the Middle East region. The competition of these two countries in the new world order will be competitive with cooperation and conflict. And due to the Interdependence of technology and economy, we cannot talk about a complete conflict in their relations, as we saw in the Cold War between US and the Soviet Union.
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